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Business

Overview Degrees/Certificates Courses Faculty

Associate Degrees for Transfer

A.S.-T. in Business Administration 2.0

The Associate in Science in Business Administration 2.0 for Transfer degree provides students with a major that fulfills the general requirements of the California State University for transfer to baccalaureate degree programs in business administration. Students with this degree will receive priority admission with junior status to the California State University system. The Associate in Science in Business Administration 2.0 for Transfer degree is comprised of lower division coursework typically required by CSU institutions. Students must complete the following Associate Degree for Transfer requirements (Pursuant to SB1440, §66746):
• 60 semester or 90 quarter CSU-transferable units
• the California State University-General Education-Breadth pattern (CSU GE-Breadth); OR the Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum (IGETC) pattern
• a minimum of 18 semester or 27 quarter units in the major or area of emphasis as determined by the community college district
• obtain a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 2.0
• earn a grade of C or better (or P for Pass/No Pass courses) in all courses required for the major or area of emphasis

Upon successful completion of the Associate in Science in Business Administration 2.0 for Transfer degree requirements, students will be guaranteed admission to the CSU system with junior status and will not have to repeat lower division coursework.

Each California State University may have slightly different requirements for transfer so it is critical for students to work with their counselors to develop individual academic plans.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Degree Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting 4
ACCT 311 Managerial Accounting 4
ECON 302 Principles of Macroeconomics 3
ECON 304 Principles of Microeconomics 3
BUS 340 Business Law (3) 3
BUS 300 Introduction to Business (3) 3
ECON 310 Statistics for Business and Economics (3) 3 - 4
   or PSYC 330 Introductory Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences (3)
   or STAT C1000E Introduction to Statistics (4)
MATH 341 Calculus for Business and Economics (4) 4 - 5
   or MATH 343 Modern Business Mathematics (4)
   or MATH 355 Calculus for Biology and Medicine I (4)
   or MATH 400 Calculus I (5)
Total Units: 27 - 29

The Associate in Science in Business Administration 2.0 for Transfer (AS-T) degree may be obtained by completion of 60 transferable, semester units with a minimum overall grade point average (GPA) of 2.0, including (a) a minimum grade of "C" (or "P") for each course in the major or area of emphasis described in the Required Program, and (b) either the Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum (IGETC) or the California State University General Education-Breadth Requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • P-SLO 1: Identify and explain the major functional areas of business organizations including management, marketing, finance, and accounting.
  • P-SLO 2: Develop leadership skills that are effective in managing a multicultural workforce.
  • P-SLO 3: Analyze practical business problems and utilize research and critical thinking to evaluate and recommend alternative solutions.
  • P-SLO 4: Apply accounting principles and concepts in making decisions about business operations.
  • P-SLO 5: Integrate management principles in relationship to finance, personnel, products, services and information.
  • P-SLO 6: Communicate effectively verbally and in writing in various business settings.
  • P-SLO 7: Apply commonly used computer application programs to create relevant business documents.

Career Information

Successful completion of a baccalaureate degree in business administration may lead to positions: in Accountancy, Accounting Information Systems, Entrepreneurship, Finance, Management, Human Resources and Organizational Behavior, International Business, Marketing, Management Information Systems, Operations Management, Public Administration, Real Estate and Land Use, Risk Management and Insurance.

Associate Degrees

A.A. in Business, General

This program provides an overview of business fundamentals for students interested in most business occupations. The program is also recommended for general government service occupations.

This degree is intended for students who wish to complete an A.A. degree in Business. Please consult with an academic counselor if you wish to obtain an A.A. degree and transfer to a CSU university as a business degree major.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Degree Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
BUS 340 Business Law 3
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting 4
ECON 302 Principles of Macroeconomics 3
ECON 304 Principles of Microeconomics 3
MKT 300 Principles of Marketing 3
A minimum of 6 units from the following: 61
BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
BUS 320 Concepts in Personal Finance (3)
BUS 330 Managing Diversity in the Workplace (3)
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship (3)
ECON 310 Statistics for Business and Economics (3)
STAT C1000E Introduction to Statistics (4)
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
ACCT 311 Managerial Accounting (4)
BUS 345 Law and Society (3)
MGMT 372 Human Relations and Organizational Behavior (3)
RE 300 California Real Estate Principles (3)
BUS 495 Independent Studies in Business (0.5 - 4)
BUS 498 Work Experience in Business (0.5 - 4)
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
CISC 310 Introduction to Computer Information Science (3)
CISA 305 Beginning Word Processing (2)
CISA 315 Introduction to Electronic Spreadsheets (2)
CISA 320 Introduction to Database Management (1)
Total Units: 31

1Students may select ECON 310 or STAT C1000 (formerly STAT 300), but not both.

The Business, General Associate in Arts (A.A.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • Identify and explain the major functional areas of the business organizations including management, marketing, finance, and accounting.
  • Develop leadership skills and abilities that are effective in managing a multicultural workforce.
  • Analyze practical business problems and utilize critical thinking and research skills in the evaluation of alternative solutions.
  • Apply accounting concepts and principles in making decisions about business operations.
  • Integrate management principles in relationship to finance, personnel, products, services, and information.
  • Communicate effectively verbally and in writing in various business settings.

A.A. in Business, Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship

The Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship degree provides training and education for those wishing to own or manage a small entrepreneurial venture. The various elements involved in starting and operating a small business are covered.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Degree Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUSINESS CORE:
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
BUS 340 Business Law 3
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting 4
ECON 302 Principles of Macroeconomics 3
MKT 300 Principles of Marketing 3
BUS 215 Entrepreneurial Opportunity and Business Planning 3
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship 3
A minimum of 6 units from the following: 6
BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
BUS 330 Managing Diversity in the Workplace (3)
BUS 320 Concepts in Personal Finance (3)
ECON 304 Principles of Microeconomics (3)
MKT 310 Selling Professionally (3)
MGMT 362 Techniques of Management (3)
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
CISC 310 Introduction to Computer Information Science (3)
CISA 305 Beginning Word Processing (2)
CISA 315 Introduction to Electronic Spreadsheets (2)
CISA 320 Introduction to Database Management (1)
Total Units: 31

The Business, Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship Associate in Arts (A.A.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • Evaluate the feasibility of success when starting a new business venture.
  • Research and compose a business plan that can be used for planning as well as financing.
  • Employ appropriate management, finance, accounting, and marketing techniques required in operating a business.
  • Develop effective oral and written communication skills that can be applied in various business settings.
  • Demonstrate the ability to comprehend, apply, and evaluate standards of ethical behavior in various business settings.
  • Formulate original ideas and concepts in addition to integrating the ideas of others into the problem solving process.

A.A. in Culinary Arts Management

This program provides training for management track employment in commercial culinary service operations. Courses begin at entry-level training; advanced courses build upon skills acquired in pre-requisite courses.

The program includes coursework in culinary arts, food and equipment use and identification, culinary sanitation, nutrition, management techniques, marketing, legal control, financial analysis and entrepreneurship. Students will apply those skills with training in lab courses and work experience.

Sanitation training is offered as an integral part of each certificate and degree, and is certified by the National Restaurant Association as well as Sacramento County Environmental Health Division.

Both the Basic Culinary Services Certificate and the Cooking and Supervision Certificate are embedded within this program. Students who complete all program requirements for the Culinary Arts Management A.A. Degree will be eligible to graduate with both certificates and their degree.

To participate in production labs, students must be able to lift and carry objects up to 50 Lbs. Students must have the ability to use knives and other hand tools.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Degree Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
First Semester:
CAM 300 Survey of Food Service Careers and Career Skills 3
First Semester:
CAM 306 Culinary Sanitation & Safety 2
Second Semester:
CAM 301 Food Theory and Preparation 41
Second Semester:
CAM 321 Culinary Computations 3
Fall (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 310 Quantity Food Production 4
Spring (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 316 Micro-Entrepreneurship in Food Service 4
Fall (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 332 Culinary Financial Management 3
Fall, Spring, or Summer (Semester 3 or 4):
A minimum of 4 units from the following: 4
CAM 498 Work Experience in Culinary Arts Management (0.5 - 4)
Any Semester:
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
First Semester, Area II(a) Requirement:
BUS 310 Business Communications (3) 3
   or ENGWR 341 Introduction to Technical and Professional Writing (3)
Any Semester:
BUS 340 Business Law 3
Any Semester:
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship (3) 3
   or MGMT 362 Techniques of Management (3)
Any Semester:
MKT 330 Internet Marketing 3
Any Semester, Area IV Requirement :
HORT 313 Sustainable Agriculture (3) 3
   or HORT 300 Introduction to Horticulture (3)
   or ENGR 304 How Things Work (3)
Any Semester, Area III(b) Requirement:
NUTRI 300 Nutrition 3
Any Semester, Area V(b)and Area VI Requirements:
NUTRI 310 Cultural Foods of the World (3) 3
   or BUS 330 Managing Diversity in the Workplace (3)
Total Units: 51

1CAM 300, 306, and 301 serve as prerequisite courses for many higher level courses.

The Culinary Arts Management Associate in Arts (A.A.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • Demonstrate the ability to use professional written and oral communication skills necessary to communicate to a variety of audiences.
  • Demonstrate awareness, understanding, and skills necessary to live and work in a diverse world.
  • Demonstrate necessary mathematical principles for foodservice production and management tasks.
  • Understand and practice proper sanitation and safety procedures critical to the foodservice industry.
  • Demonstrate the ability to develop, examine, question, and explore perspectives or alternatives to problems within the foodservice industry.
  • Demonstrate proficiency in a variety of managerial skills necessary for foodservice managers and entrepreneurs.
  • Exhibit a basic understanding of nutrition and the relationship between nutrition and food preparation.
  • Demonstrate basic knowledge of cooking techniques and procedures.
  • Practice professional ethics, provide leadership, demonstrate personal and global responsibility and work effectively as a team member.

Career Information

Culinary Manager; Culinary Supervisor; Cook; Kitchen Manager; Restaurant Manager; Caterer; Food Service Worker.


A.A. in Restaurant and Food Service Entrepreneurship

This program provides training and education for those wishing to own a restaurant or other food service venture. The various elements involved in starting and operating a small business are covered as well as training in food theory and production, safety and sanitation, and business practices.

The Basic Culinary Services Certificate; and the Cooking and Supervision Certificate; and the Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship Certificate are embedded within this program. Students who complete all program requirements for the Restaurant and Food Service Entrepreneurship A.A. Degree will be eligible to graduate with all three certificates and their degree.

To participate in production labs, students must be able to lift and carry objects up to 50 Lbs. Students must have the ability to use knives and other hand tools.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Degree Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
First Semester:
CAM 300 Survey of Food Service Careers and Career Skills 3
First Semester:
CAM 306 Culinary Sanitation & Safety 2
Second Semester:
CAM 301 Food Theory and Preparation 4
Second Semester:
CAM 321 Culinary Computations 3
Fall (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 310 Quantity Food Production 4
Spring (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 316 Micro-Entrepreneurship in Food Service 4
Fall (Semester 3 or 4):
CAM 332 Culinary Financial Management 3
Offered Only Fall Semester in Odd Years:
BUS 215 Entrepreneurial Opportunity and Business Planning 3
Offered Fall and Spring Semesters :
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
Offered Fall and Spring Semesters :
BUS 340 Business Law 3
Offered Fall, Spring, and Summer Semesters:
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship 3
Offered Fall, Spring, and Summer Semesters :
MKT 300 Principles of Marketing 3
Offered Fall and Spring Semesters :
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting (4) 3 - 4
   or BUS 320 Concepts in Personal Finance (3)
Any Semester, Area III(b) Requirement:
NUTRI 300 Nutrition 3
Any Semester, Area V(b)and Area VI Requirements:
NUTRI 310 Cultural Foods of the World (3) 3
   or BUS 330 Managing Diversity in the Workplace (3)
Offered Fall, Spring, and Summer :
BUS 310 Business Communications (3) 3
   or ENGWR 341 Introduction to Technical and Professional Writing (3)
Any Semester, Area IV Requirement:
HORT 313 Sustainable Agriculture (3) 3
   or HORT 300 Introduction to Horticulture (3)
   or ENGR 304 How Things Work (3)
Total Units: 53 - 54

The Restaurant and Food Service Entrepreneurship Associate in Arts (A.A.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • Understand and practice proper sanitation and safety procedures critical to the food service industry.
  • Demonstrate critical thinking skills needed to assess and correct problems within food preparation, production, presentation and service.
  • Develop effective oral and written communication skills that can be applied in various business settings.
  • Demonstrate basic knowledge of cooking techniques and procedures.
  • Exhibit a basic understanding of nutrition
  • Demonstrate skill and comprehension in entrepreneurship as indicated by course outcomes.
  • Transform an entrepreneurial idea into a viable business concept.
  • Employ appropriate management, finance, accounting, and marketing techniques required in operating a business.
  • Demonstrate the ability to think critically and analyze problems.
  • Evaluate the feasibility of success when starting a new business venture.
  • Research and compose a business plan that includes all facets of starting and managing a business.
  • Express ideas and facts clearly and completely.

Career Information

Small Business Owner- Restaurant and Food Service field. Restaurant manager.

Certificates of Achievement

Business Information Professional I Certificate

The Business Information Professional I Certificate prepares students for entry-level office, computer, and administrative support positions in a variety of industries. This certification includes courses in: oral and written business communications; computer application skills, including beginning Excel, Word, and Outlook; the fundamentals of computer systems; and critical thinking and problem-solving. This is a collaborative certificate between ARC, CRC, and FLC. Certificate candidates must meet with counseling to ensure local unit requirements are met. Courses are available at multiple colleges. Students can reference the required course list to find more information regarding the courses available at each college. This certificate can be completed 100% online.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Certificate Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
ENGL C1000 Academic Reading and Writing (3) 3
   or BUS 100 English for the Professional (3)
   or BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
MATH 300 Introduction to Mathematical Ideas (3) 3
   or BUS 105 Business Mathematics (3)
CISA 126 Outlook: Basics 11
BUSTEC 305 Introduction to Business Information Technology (3) 3
BUSTEC 307 Computer Keyboarding and Skill Building 3
CISC 302 Computer Familiarization (2) 22
CISA 305 Beginning Word Processing 23
CISA 315 Introduction to Electronic Spreadsheets (2) 24
CISA 340 Presentation Graphics (2) 25
BUS 498 Work Experience in Business (0.5 -4) 0.5 - 46
   or CISC 498 Work Experience in Computer Information Science - Core (0.5 -4)
Total Units: 21.5 - 25

1Substitute course, BUSTEC 126 - Outlook: Basics is available at Folsom Lake College, or Course CISA 126 - Outlook: Basics is available at American River College.

2Substitute course(s), CISC 300 - Computer Familiarization, is available at American River College and Sacramento City College, BUSTEC 309 - Computer Familiarization is available at Folsom Lake College.

3Substitute course, BUSTEC 360 - Word Processing Beyond the Essentials, is available at Folsom Lake College.

4Substitute course, BUSTEC 362 - Comprehensive Electronic Spreadsheets, is available at Folsom Lake College.

5Substitute course, BUSTEC 366 - Electronic Presentations, is available at Folsom Lake College.

6Substitute course, BUSTEC 498 - Work Experience in Business Technology, is available at Folsom Lake College.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • PSLO #1: DEMONSTRATE COMMON OFFICE APPLICATION SKILLS.
  • Demonstrate proficiency in business technology applications.
  • Construct projects efficiently generating solutions using various workplace computer programs and shortcuts.
  • PSLO #2: DEMONSTRATE COMMON OFFICE ADMINISTRATION SKILLS.
  • Demonstrate proficiency in business administration skills.
  • Integrate the features of working with tasks and schedules to organize both professional and personal information.
  • PSLO #3: DEMONSTRATE BASIC OFFICE COMMUNICATION SKILLS.
  • Demonstrate proficiency in business communication skills.
  • Identify techniques to send, receive and manage email messages.
  • PSLO #4: EXAMINE CUSTOMER SERVICE NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS
  • Apply customer service skills in a business environment and provide a positive customer service experience.
  • Analyze the extent to which customer service is facilitated by the effective use of technology.

Career Information

Students who successfully complete the Business Information Professional Certificate are prepared for entry-level positions in office, computer, and administrative support positions in a variety of industries.


Business, General Certificate

The Certificate of Achievement in Business provides an overview of the various disciplines in business. It is intended to meet the needs of students who wish to develop, retrain or upgrade skills for work in a business setting. Students wanting to earn the A.A. degree in Business, General, can do so by taking additional courses beyond the 18 units required in this certificate. Please seek advice from your counselor to verify the correct courses to take towards the A.A degree.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Certificate Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
BUS 340 Business Law 3
MKT 300 Principles of Marketing 3
ECON 302 Principles of Macroeconomics 3
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting 4
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship (3)
BUS 320 Concepts in Personal Finance (3)
BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
BUS 330 Managing Diversity in the Workplace (3)
ECON 304 Principles of Microeconomics (3)
CISC 310 Introduction to Computer Information Science (3)
Total Units: 19

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • P-SLO 1: Skills/Knowledge: Identify and explain the major functional areas of business organizations including management, marketing, economics, and accounting.
  • P-SLO 2: Critical Thinking Skills: Analyze practical business problems utilize critical thinking and research skills in the evaluation of alternative solution.
  • P-SLO 3: Critical Thinking Skills: Apply concepts and principles in business law, management, marketing, finance, and economics to making decisions about business operations.

Career Information

Business occupations General government service occupations.


Business, Office Assistant Certificate

This Certificate of Achievement is designed to provide students with general knowledge in business and an in-depth knowledge of a variety of business technology applications. Program topics include: keyboarding/word processing, integrated office applications, organization and supervision of office activities, office procedures, and business communications.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Certificate Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUSTEC 101 Computer Keyboarding: 10-Key 1
BUSTEC 120 Skills for Today's Office 1
BUSTEC 303 Computer-Keyboard Formatting 2
BUSTEC 304 Computer-Keyboard Speed-and-Accuracy Building 21
CISA 305 Beginning Word Processing 2
CISA 315 Introduction to Electronic Spreadsheets 2
CISC 302 Computer Familiarization 2
BUS 100 English for the Professional 3
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
BUS 300 Introduction to Business (3)
BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
CISC 310 Introduction to Computer Information Science (3)
CISA 340 Presentation Graphics (2)
CISC 308 Exploring Computer Environments and the Internet (1)
BUSTEC 302 Computer-Keyboarding (2)
Total Units: 18

1BUSTEC 304 may be replaced by keyboarding speed verification at 40 wpm or better

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • P-SLO 1: Skills/Knowledge: Demonstrate skill and comprehension in respective subject areas as indicated by course outcomes
  • Use word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, and electronic communication software to effectively support the office environment.
  • Demonstrate keyboarding skills which represent industry-standard speed and accuracy
  • P-SLO 2: Critical Thinking Skills: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and analyze problems .
  • Analyze and demonstrate effective business procedures and office management strategies
  • Incorporate technological, communication, and problem-solving skills in the business setting

Career Information

Clerk, Administrative Assistant, Office Assistant, Data-entry Specialist.


Entrepreneurship Certificate

This certificate is designed for current and potential entrepreneurs. It provides an introductory and organized course of study that enables students to develop their entrepreneurial skills, recognize opportunities, and learn the basics of starting and managing a small business.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Certificate Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUS 215 Entrepreneurial Opportunity and Business Planning 3
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship 3
Total Units: 9

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • create a business plan that covers all facets of operating a business
  • organize and manage the different business functions necessary for ongoing operations
  • appraise and evaluate business opportunities

Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship Certificate

The Certificate of Achievement in Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship is designed for current and potential entrepreneurs. It provides an introductory and organized course of study that enables students to develop their entrepreneurial skills, recognize opportunities, and learn the various aspects of starting and managing a small business. Students wanting to earn the A.A. degree in Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship can do so by taking additional courses beyond the 18 units required for this certificate. Please seek advice from your counselor to verify the correct courses to take towards the A.A degree.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2025

Certificate Requirements

Course Code Course Title Units
BUS 215 Entrepreneurial Opportunity and Business Planning 3
BUS 300 Introduction to Business 3
BUS 350 Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship 3
MKT 300 Principles of Marketing 3
BUS 340 Business Law 3
A minimum of 3 units from the following: 3
ACCT 301 Financial Accounting (4)
BUS 310 Business Communications (3)
BUS 320 Concepts in Personal Finance (3)
CISC 310 Introduction to Computer Information Science (3)
ECON 304 Principles of Microeconomics (3)
Total Units: 18

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

  • P-SLO 1: Skills/Knowledge: Demonstrate skill and comprehension in entrepreneurship as indicated by course outcomes
  • Transform an entrepreneurial idea into a viable business concept
  • Employ appropriate management, finance, accounting, and marketing techniques required in operating a business.
  • P-SLO 2: Critical Thinking Skills: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and analyze problems
  • Evaluate the feasibility of success when starting a new business venture.
  • Research and compose a business plan that includes all facets of starting and managing a business
  • P-SLO 3: Communication: Express ideas and facts clearly and completely
  • Develop effective oral and written communication skills that can be applied in various business settings

Career Information

Business Owner Employer creating jobs/career opportunities for others